为什么历史上经营式农业不发展：以无锡为案例

本文基于第一、二次对"无锡、保定农村调查"的资料,分析说明了无锡农村经营式农业的日渐式微,并从出租农地与雇工经营的收益方程、较高工商业发展水平导致的机会成本增加,以及家庭小农场的竞争三个方面分析了经营式农业不发展的原因.我们认为,主要是当地较高但又不足够高的工商业发展水平导致了经营式农业难以发展.较高的工商业发展水平意味着发展经营式农业的高运营成本和高机会成本.不足够高又使得非农产业的需求与人数众多的农业过剩劳动力不相匹配,从而造成了家庭小农场和经营式农场之间的激烈对抗.我们也认为,中国未来的农业农村现代化道路可能会依然呈现出复杂性和特殊性,家庭小农场扮演的角色可能仍然不容忽视.     

A systematic review on the application of dialogue in public relations to information communication technology-based platforms: Comparing English and Chinese contexts

This study aims to systematically analyze and compare studies applying the dialogue approach in public relations to information communication technologies (ICTs) under English and Chinese context. Specifically, we want to investigate the subjects, the adoption of dialogic principles, and the processing of additional valuables of dialogue in selected studies. By identifying 68 relevant peer-reviewed journal articles under English context and 13 under Chinese context, we analyzed different subjects in selected publications, including their research topics, methods, samples and objectives. Moreover, our study also revealed the following results: (1) three dialogic principles were well adopted while the other two were not; (2) public engagement was the most common effect; (3) organizational response was the most common antecedent to dialogue implementation. Future studies are recommended to diversify research methods, topics and relevant technologies. We also call for developing theoretical models for dialogue in public relations and updating dialogic principles and measurements. Based upon the fact that the dialogue approach is less studied under Chinese context, we also offer a path to construct effective and ethical communication between organizations and publics on various ICT-based platforms in Greater China.     

通过科学立法促进民族交往交流交融的法理探讨

在中华民族“多元一体”背景下，加强各民族交往交流交融，是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的必然要求。而通过科学立法建立完备的法律规范体系，则是运用法治思维和法治方式，促进各民族交往交流交融的根本前提。当前我国的民族法律规范体系虽已基本建成，但仍存在一些法律原则的表达不够严谨、法律概念的界定不够准确、法律规则的内容不够明晰和完整、规范体系的结构不够完备和和谐等缺陷和不足，难以满足在政治、经济、文化、社会和生态建设中通过法治方式有效协调民族关系，促进各民族交往交流交融的需要。这就要求立法者应遵循《立法法》确定的科学立法的形式合理性和实质合理性的要求，妥善处理法律规范体系与现实需要的适应性和可执行性，由此才能为通过法治促进各民族交往交流交融奠定坚实的制度基础。从科学立法与依法立法、民主立法的关系来看，遵循依法立法，是保障法的形式合理性的前提；坚持民主立法，则是保障法的实质合理性的根基。为提升立法的科学品质，必须健全违宪审查机制、协商民主机制和立法理论形成机制，确保依法立法、民主立法原则的有效落实。     

Capturing the broader picture of value co-creation management

The interactional, interdependent, and dynamic nature of value co-creation has made value management in business relationships a particularly challenging issue for both academicians and practitioners. In addition, studies on this topic have mostly focused on managing value co-creation in isolation from the wider relational context without completely capturing the influence of other value processes on value co-creation. This paper examines the broader picture of value co-creation management by providing a model based on interlinked value processes, namely, value communication, value appropriation, value measurement, and value representation. We adopted a qualitative approach based on 86 interviews with managers of both customer and supplier companies, which operated in different industries. Results showed that the management of value co-creation implies considering complex patterns of interconnections with other value processes. In particular, the study will shed light on the centrality of value appropriation to co-create value and on the importance of value representation to coordinate ideas and enable future co-creation opportunities.     

社会转型与观念变迁--以“道德缺失”为中心的考察

尽管“道德缺失”是转型期中国一个不容忽视的社会问题，但当代的“道德缺失”现象并非严重到了危机阶段，中国古代也不是“道德天堂”。今天的道德困境可以归因于社会环境的巨大变化。这种问题的解决，需依靠有效的维护机制作为保障。落实到根本，还是要大力发展经济，建设市民社会。     

海峡两岸休闲农业合作相关主体行为的博弈分析

随着海峡两岸休闲农业合作的逐步发展，各相关主体之间的博弈也逐渐显现。在此过程中，涉及的主要行为主体有地方政府、农户以及台商企业。文章从各主体的利益行为分析出发，构建并分析政府与台商企业、台商企业与农户之间的动态博弈。分析表明：在博弈的过程中，政府处于主动和有利的地位，但其存在不规范行为；台商企业基于趋利的本性，在与政府之间的博弈会展开“寻租”行为，在与农户之间的博弈以牺牲农户的利益来实现其收益最大化；农户与台商企业的博弈相对处于弱势地位，加之其有限理性和知识能力有限，自身利益难以得到保障；为实现各主体利益最大化的可持续发展，应建立健全相关法律法规；完善政府的服务职能；构建合理的利益分配形式。     

Training needs of extension agents’ regarding organic agriculture in Saudi Arabia

The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs of extension agents for training on organic agriculture (OA) in the Riyadh Region. Fifty-five percent (n = 69) of extension agents were selected to collect data through an electronic survey. Results indicated that extension agents in the Riyadh Region cited on job training as a main source for acquiring knowledge in OA. Agents expressed interest in receiving training in OA in general, OA marketing, and transitioning to OA. The most useful resources were field days at organic farms, OA training sessions at colleges, and attending OA trial plots. There were no differences in the level of interest in training; however, there were significant differences between individuals in terms of their experience in OA, job responsibility for providing information related to OA, and area of specialization in their job. This study recommends developing professional training programs based on the current knowledge of extension agents.     

网络扶贫的内涵及实践特色

借助文献研究和对比研究，在解释网络扶贫内涵的基础上，探讨了网络扶贫的实践特色。研究发现，网络扶贫能够推动扶贫思维的深层变革：从单向思维到互联网思维；助力扶贫对象的精准识别：从主观判断到科学界定；促进扶贫动力的内外融通：从外源救济到内生崛起；推进扶贫主体的系统升级：从单一分离到通力合作；优化扶贫路径的实践切入：从共性举措到个性特色；保障扶贫效果的稳定有序：从短期快速到长期持续。因此，在网络扶贫的过程中，既要注重提升网络扶贫主体的人力资本、加强农村互联网基础设施建设，又要注重构建网络扶贫信息服务体系、培育贫困地区特色产业，推进网络公益扶贫有序发展。     

邢台和天津大气污染物影响因素的灰色关联分析

空气污染已成为我国最受关注的环境问题。文章利用灰色关联分析模型研究了天津市和邢台市大气污染源与污染物浓度的关系。基于2013年到2016年空气质量数据和社会经济数据，分析邢台和天津的大气污染物来源，邢台和天津大气主要污染源分别为工业、常住人口、农业、汽车保有量。研究发现，工业体系对邢台空气质量影响最大，常住人口对天津市空气质量影响最大。结果表明，影响不同城市空气质量的主要污染源并不一致。因此，不同地区在大气污染治理过程中应根据自身特点采取相应的措施。